Work by variable force in one dimension (W = ∫ F(x) dx)

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W = ∫ F(x) dx

What each symbol means

SymbolWhat it stands for
WWork done by the force (J)
F(x)Force as function of position along x (N)
x_i, x_fInitial and final positions (m)

When to use this

One-dimensional motion; force aligned with dx (or use component F_x). For graphs, signed area under F–x curve equals work.