SHM Velocity (v(t) = -ωA sin(ωt + φ))
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v(t) = -ωA sin(ωt + φ)
What each symbol means
| Symbol | What it stands for |
|---|---|
| A | Amplitude (m) |
| ω | Angular frequency (rad/s) |
| ωA | Maximum speed v_max (m/s) |
| v(t) | Instantaneous velocity at time t (m/s) |
When to use this
Obtained by differentiating x(t) = A cos(ωt + φ). Maximum speed v_max = ωA occurs at mean position (x = 0). Velocity is zero at extreme positions (x = ±A). Velocity leads displacement by π/2 in phase. NCERT Eq. 13.9.