Line-of-Sight Range (Space Wave) (d_max ≈ √(2 R h_t) + √(2 R h_r))
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d_max ≈ √(2 R h_t) + √(2 R h_r)
What each symbol means
| Symbol | What it stands for |
|---|---|
| R | Radius of Earth (≈ 6.4×10⁶ m in standard problems) |
| h_r | Height of receiving antenna above ground (m) |
| h_t | Height of transmitting antenna above ground (m) |
| d_max | Maximum line-of-sight distance between transmitting and receiving antennas (m) |
When to use this
Flat Earth + optical LOS geometric model; neglects atmospheric refraction unless problem states effective Earth radius.