AM Wave (Instantaneous Voltage) (c(t) = A_c(1 + μ cos ω_m t) cos ω_c t)
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c(t) = A_c(1 + μ cos ω_m t) cos ω_c t
What each symbol means
| Symbol | What it stands for |
|---|---|
| μ | Modulation index |
| A_c | Unmodulated carrier amplitude (V) |
| c(t) | Instantaneous voltage of the AM wave (V) |
| ω_c | Angular frequency of carrier (rad/s) |
| ω_m | Angular frequency of message (rad/s) |
When to use this
Standard AM with sinusoidal modulation; envelope varies as A_c|1 + μ cos ω_m t|.