Water hardness as CaCO₃ equivalent (ppm) (Hardness (ppm as CaCO3) ≈ milligrams of CaCO3 equivalent per litre of water (for dilute)
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Hardness (ppm as CaCO3) ≈ milligrams of CaCO3 equivalent per litre of water (for dilute aqueous samples).
What each symbol means
| Symbol | What it stands for |
|---|---|
| V | Volume of water sample (L) |
| ppm | Parts per million; for water ≈ mg/L |
| m(CaCO3 equiv) | Mass of CaCO3 that would contain the same amount of Ca2+ or (1/2)×Mg2+ equivalents as the sample (mg) |
When to use this
Standard JEE treatment expresses combined Ca2+ and Mg2+ hardness as CaCO3 equivalent; molar mass CaCO3 = 100 g/mol.